Donetsk court pronounces illegal Hero of Ukraine title of Bandera

Donetsk court pronounces illegal Hero of Ukraine title of Bandera



02.04.2010, 22.16




DONETSK, April 2 (Itar-Tass) -- The Donetsk District Administrative Court has pronounced illegal the ordinance of former president Viktor Yushchenko that awarded the Hero of Ukraine title to Stepan Bandera.

The court upheld reasons of Donetsk lawyer Vladimir Olentsevich, who initiated the hearing.

Most of the six-hour hearing was dedicated to the consideration of the demands of Bandera advocates who wished to take part in the hearing as the third party. The grandson of the leader of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, Canadian journalist Stepan Bandera, did not attend the hearing.

“In the end, I confronted the ex-president only. I am glad that the court has accepted my view as founded,” Olentsevich said.

“The president must not breach national laws in bestowing awards,” the court said. Bandera was not a citizen of Ukraine, so the court proclaimed the ordinance of the former president unlawful.




http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=14984374&PageNum=0

Ukraine's president to abolish his predecessor's decision on Bandera

Ukraine's president to abolish his predecessor's decision on Bandera

Ukraine’s President Victor Yanukovich is expected to abolish a decree passed by his predecessor to bestow the title of Hero of Ukraine on the wartime collaborator with the Nazis Stepan Bandera. A source in the presidential administration has told Reuters that the relevant decision will be released by the 65th anniversary of the Allied Victory in the Second World War which Kiev will be celebrating together with Moscow on May 9th. Stepan Bandera was the leader of Ukrainian Nationalists from 1941 to 1959. The decree by the former President Viktor Yushchenko to make him Hero of Ukraine received little support at home and triggered severe condemnation from Poland and Russia. The Israeli Simon Wiesenthal Center has described it as revolting. And the European Parliament has urged the new president to cancel it.


http://english.ruvr.ru/2010/03/20/5478360.html

Latvian SS veterans march in defiance of City Duma ban

Latvian SS veterans march in defiance of City Duma ban

Mar 10, 2010 21:02 Moscow Time

A march of Latvian veterans of the Nazi SS set for March 16th in defiance of the City Duma’s ban will damage Latvia’s image abroad. A statement to that effect came from parliamentary deputy Andrei Klementiev. Waffen SS marches are held in the capital Riga annually on March 16th. President Valdis Zatlers said in March 2008 that he did not regard Latvian SS veterans who took part in mass killings of Jews and representatives of other ethnic minorities in Latvia and Belarus during the war as Nazis. Anti-Nazi campaigners are holding protests on March 16th.


http://english.ruvr.ru/2010/03/10/5179821.html

"The Jews" An excerpt from Dimitri's Cross: The Life and Letters of St. Dimitri Klepinin

An excerpt from Dimitri's Cross: The Life and Letters of St. Dimitri Klepinin
by Helene Arjakovsky-Klepinine
"The Jews"
What is heroism? We often misunderstand this notion, which we associate with striking brilliant action and great warlike deeds. But there is another sort of heroism that is carried out in the shadows and discreetly. The assistance the group at Lourmel was about to give to the Jews was of this type. A significant detail is that it was not until the dossier on Fr. Dimitri was turned over to the Israeli committee of Yad Vashem towards 1984 that I learned—through the testimony of Jews who had been saved by my father—that during the week my mother spent in the maternity hospital, a Jewish family had been accommodated in our room. I well remember the hidden staircase they used the day of a raid.

The pursuit of the Jews began soon after the armistice of June 1940. On September 27, the occupation authorities published a series of decrees intended to register the Jewish population of France. One highly symbolic moment was the famous raid on Vel'd'hiv, which is near the rue de Lourmel. At the end of the war there was a count: 75,721 Jews were deported and only 2,560 escaped. The Jews were seen by the Nazis as a religious rather than an ethnic group. They considered someone a Jew who either confessed or had confessed the Jewish religion or counted at least two Jews among his grandparents. On October 3, 1940, the Vichy government introduced the notion of the Jewish couple.

Parishioners who found themselves in danger because they were born Jews made entreaties to the French clergy. Vichy, in fact, took no account of their conversion to Christianity. There were some faithful of Jewish origin among the circle of Lourmel. In the first period, Fr. Dimitri was led to provide baptismal certificates to Russians who had the misfortune of having the first name Jacob or Simon. Then he provided certificates to those who, although they were of Jewish origin, had converted, for example upon marriage with an "Aryan." This first "transgression" of my father's was soon followed by other liberties to save non-baptized Jews as well.

Our family archives include three documents of particular interest which illustrate very well the steps a Jew had to take to avoid any mention of his being Jewish on his passport. They concern the wife of the man who became the historian of the concentration camps, George Wellers. He came to Lourmel in March 1942 to ask for a baptismal certificate for his wife. Fr. Dimitri testified that Anna Wellers was a parishioner of his church. The certificate was stamped by the police commissioner of the Javel quarter. But that was not enough. It also needed the testimony of the diocese administration on rue Daru. This document is much more complete, because it mentions Anna Wellers' parents and grandparents and certifies under oath (because there were no witnesses) that all six were Orthodox Christians. This new certificate was stamped by the president of the diocesan council and the general secretary.

Armed with these two papers, Wellers went to the fearsome General Commissariat for Jewish Questions. The French functionary's reply is a model of ambiguity: "I cannot deliver you a certificate of non-appurtenance to the Jewish race, although I have determined to consider you a non-Jew." This courageous decision was sufficient to save the life of Anna Wellers and for a long time preserved her husband, "spouse of an Aryan," from deportation. He would end up being sent to Buchenwald, but returned alive.

It was George Wellers who, in gratitude, would turn over Fr. Dimitri's dossier, which would be granted the title "Just among the Nations" by the Israeli committee of Yad Vashem. I had the opportunity to meet George in 1985. Born in St. Petersburg in 1905, he had kept unchanged in his immense memory the remembrance of his companions who had disappeared in the extermination camps, and after his liberation he decided to dedicate all his free time to them. In 1981 he published the first work that documented the "final solution." He showed me a document that moved me—on the evening of their departure for Germany, some Jews detained at Drancy signed a collective letter thanking the Christians of Lourmel who sent them packages. George Wellers died in 1991.

One detail struck me in the certificate given out by the diocese—the deposition of witness statements under oath. It referred me back to the testimony of T. Imbert, who had accompanied a Jewish woman friend to see Fr. Dimitri. She was so impressed by the formula of the oath, which invoked the flames of hell on anyone who committed perjury, that she insisted on being baptized rather than asking anyone to testify falsely.

Fr. Dimitri took great risks to establish these famous certificates. To be sure that he would recognize his new flock in case he encountered them, he glued each of their photographs on a card and learned his card file by heart. It occurred to him to create biographies. When it was a matter of women married to Jewish men, he arranged to find them good Russian girls' names such as Glebova or Ivanova. One day he was threatened from an unsuspected direction—that of his own ecclesiastical authorities. Undoubtedly frightened by the number of certificates he had to deliver, a diocesan functionary demanded that the priest produce his parish registers. Fr. Dimitri simply refused. "Those who are baptized are my spiritual children, and your conduct is not inspired by spiritual considerations, but to indulge the occupation authorities. The Church has always been a place of sanctuary for victims of barbarism. No, I will not let you see my parish registers."

Mother certainly participated in this scheme of baptismal certificates delivered to true and false Christians whose only wrong was to be called Silberstein or Lourie. Not only was she perfectly in the know, but she served as their godmother if things came to that point. One day when she saw that some of the baptismal certificates were marked in pencil with the letter "t," at first she thought it had to do with her own goddaughters or those of her sister-in-law Tatiana. But Fr. Dimitri, adopting an attitude which was at once mysterious and amused, replied to her that the letter "t" designated for him alone the false baptismal certificates. It referred to the French word tilleul (lime tree), which was translated in Russian by lipa, which, in a figurative sense, meant "substitute" or "ersatz." It was his humorous way of engaging in conspiracy.

"No, I am not a heroine," Mother told me later. "The only thing I can be proud of is that I never tried to turn your father aside from his dangerous activity. I never told him not to put our family in danger, contrary to what the Soviet novelist Elena Mikulina claims in her book Mother Maria."

One day Fr. Dimitri admitted to his friends that he was afraid. How many certificates had he drawn up saying that people belonged to his parish, and how many Jews had he baptized? Today no one can say. In an interview with a Jewish journalist, Lydia Blicher, Mother spoke about a hundred or so cards. What was admirable was that Fr. Dimitri was not content to help the people who presented themselves to him, but he himself went to people's houses when he knew they were in danger. This was the case of the very young Natasha Ruzhina. He was the one who went to find her and who brought her in her crib all the way across Paris to hide her at Lourmel. She told the story in a newspaper in Moldova, where she lived. Her family saved as a precious relic the Gospel book the priest gave her, in which he had written on the flyleaf, "Come to Me, all you who labor, and I will give you rest."


http://www.conciliarpress.com/reading_room/books_dimitris_cross


Tropaire, ton 1:
Par les souffrances que les saints ont endurées pour Toi
sois emploré, Seigneur,
et guéris toutes nos maladies:
nous t’en prions, ô Ami des hommes.

Tropar - Tone 1:
Through the sufferings which the saints have endured for Your sake,
O Lord, we beseech You
to heal all of our infirmities,
O Good Friend of Man.

Kontakion, ton 8. Sur: Commes premices:
Comme témoins de la vérité, et prédicateurs de la piété,
honorons dignement par des chants divinement inspirés
Dimitri, Marie, Georges et Elie,
ayant supporté les liens, les souffrances et l’injuste jugement,
et que par les martyre ont reçu la couronne inflétrissable.

Kondak - Tone 8:
As witnesses of truth and preachers of piety,
let us worthily honor through divinely inspired chants:
Dimitri, Maria, George and Elias,
who have borne the sufferings,
the bonds and unjust judgment,
in which like the martyrs
have received the imperishable crown.

http://incommunion.org/?p=81

Ukrainian nationalists fought for Georgia against South Ossetia in 2008

Ukrainian nationalists fought for Georgia against South Ossetia in 2008
Topic: S.Ossetia and Abkhazia

Mercenaries from the UNA-UNSO (Ukrainian National Assembly - Ukrainian Nationalistic Self Defense) fought on the side of Georgia when it attacked South Ossetia in August 2008, Vladimir Markin, spokesman for the General Prosecution of the Russian Federation has said. He was presenting the main points of the report on the investigation into the case of genocide and mass murders of Russian citizens in South Ossetia. Markin said that recruiting and financing of UNA-UNSO militants had been organized by Georgia's Interior Ministry. The investigation stated numerous facts of the violation of international humanitarian norms and human rights regarding the peaceful citizens of South Ossetia and Russian peacekeepers by Georgian servicemen. The report also contains facts of the Georgian army using heavy offensive weapons banned by international conventions.


http://english.ruvr.ru/2010/03/04/5034674.html

All-Ukraine protest against awarding title of hero to nationalist Bandera begins

All-Ukraine protest against awarding title of hero to nationalist Bandera begins



04.03.2010, 02.02



LVOV, March 4 (Itar-Tass) -- A nationwide protest titled “Stepan Bandera Is Not a Hero of Ukraine” has begun in Zhitomir western Ukraine on Wednesday.

The protest was initiated by the Socialist Party and the Party of the War Children.

Activists have begun collecting signatures for cancelling former Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko’s decree that awarded Bandera and another nationalist leader Roman Shukhevich the title of Hero of Ukraine.

They will also give out leaflets explaining the situation in order to prevent confrontation in society.

The purpose of the campaign, which is also beginning in other Ukrainian regions, is to prevent falsification of history and glorification of Nazi supporters.




http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=14884045&PageNum=0

Москва «охмуряє» нового президента старими байками

(I apologize for inclusion of this semi-literate, polonized Russian mess being presented. It is the typical Goebbels-esque iteration of "Ukrainian race theory," where Russians are dismissed as "Asiatic mongrels" who stole "Ukrainian 'Aryan' civilization"--NAZI arrogance and illiteracy, fuelling the fire of "ukrainoznavstvo." I'm putting it forward with comments to begin to once and for all burn this scat in effigy and bury it as intellectual pornography and base, racist stupidity. The "ethnographer" who wrote this piece seems to be unaware of so very many historical facts that he needs to be called on this. Why this is important is because this piece is emblematic of the entire "Ukrainian nationalist" movement, the fuel of their neo-NAZI ideology and hate, and is exactly what has been regurgitated by them for over one hundred fifty years to capitalize on people's naievete and their lack of awareness of Russian history. Punching it in the face is the beginning of ending "Ukrainian nationalism." The battle is joined and this will no longer stand!-R)http://cerkva.info/2010/03/01/moskva_okhmuriaie.html

Москва «охмуряє» нового президента старими байками Огляд ЗМІ, Москва і Київ

(A "baika" is a fairytale. The author is suggesting that the Great Russian constituency as part of Kievan Rus' and its inheritance of the culture and civilization of Kievan Russia is a fairytale. Let's read together and see if he makes his case or provides us with another "baika" to consider.-R)


Візит Московського патріарха Кирила в Україну на інаугурацію нового президента Януковича, відомого свого показною набожністю, не обійшовся без політичної пропаганди. Зводилася до уже чергової спроби «примазатися» до українського історичного спадку. «Наступниками святого благовірного рівноопостального Великого князя Володимира є братні народи, які зв’язані єдиною історичною традицією», - заявив московський патріарх, відзначивши, що це «складові частини єдиної святої Русі».

(The Patriarch is indeed justified in basing himself on the foundation of Kievan Rus' and the Orthodoxy of St. Vladimir, but what of the "Ukrainians" and the "KP" and its existence as an organ of encroachment on the canonical and historical Orthodox Church in cooperation with the UNIA?! After all, St. Vladimir HIMSELF founded the Church that became the Moscow Patriarchate in 988, while the "KP" comes into existence in 1992, emanating from the "Lipkiwskyj" Renovationist Synod which "consecrated" its hierarchs by the "laying on of hands of presbyters" in 1918. While this "synod" was supported by the Bolsheviks until 1936 to "combat the canonical church" and by the NAZIs, who "regularized" some of its consecrations to promote a "greater Reich," this organization WAS NEVER RECOGNIZED AS ORTHODOX OR CANONICAL BY ANY CHURCH IN THE ORTHODOX WORLD (INCLUDING THE CHURCH OF POLAND WHICH CONDEMNED THE NAZI "KHEIRITONIAs" AFTER WWII) and specifically falls under myriad anathemas for schism and heresy, including renovationism, praying and worshipping with heretics and phyletism. The "KP" is a totally uncanonical structure having no connection whatsoever with Kievan Rus'. So how is it such a heretically RENOVATIONIST (Just look at its hierarchs and their white collars) and crypto-Uniate samochinoje sborische DARES to attack the Russian Church founded by St. Vladimir himself to justify their schism from the Church he introduced to RUS'?! Let's look at their position and "history" together. I think the "baika" we will discover is the "ukrainoznavska baika."-R)

Почнемо з того, що сам київський князь Володимир, напевно, дуже здивувався б, коли б його назвали «Владімір». Усі вітчизняні літописи пишуть його ім’я як «Володымер», тобто з українською вимовою і повноголоссям. Навіть у заліських (російських) билинах, записаних у ХІХ столітті, про «залі шан» на службі Київського князя, ім’я київського князя звучить як «Владимир».

("Volodymyer" is not at all the polonized "Volodymyr" the "Ukrainian nationalists" put forward. The author doesn't seem to understand he is arguing against his own polonized slave dialect. For if deviations from the original Russian Slavonic are strictly prohibited and illegitimate, polonizations of it are even moreso to be rejected.

The author seems unaware that in old Slavic languages "polnoglasije" and "kratkoglasije" existed, where the roots "Vlad-" and "Volod-" were interchangeable. That is why you had a city named "VLADIMIR" in the north in the year 1100 AD, constituent of Kievan Rus' and subsequently ITS CAPITOL, and you had the city "Volodymyer Volinsky" in Vohlynia AT THE SAME TIME. The author didn't seem to get that far in his readings.

Moreover, St. Vladimir was a VARANGIAN, a Scandinavian prince, meaning he was quite used to variations of his name and even had a Scandinavian name. In Holy Baptism, he was christened "Vasily" (Not the "Ukrainian" "Wasyl") while St. Olga had been baptized as "Jelena" (Not the "Ukrainian" "Olena") and her Scandinavian name was "Helga."

"Kiev" was spelled "K-I-E-V" and not some bastardized polonized STUPIDITY of "Kyiv" or whatever these "Ukrainian ethnographers" have put forward in their unread vandalism. St. Vladimir would have found "Kyiv" either a foreign appelation or the name of a foreign city, not his own.

What is most important is that St. Vladimir WOULD NOT have had the region around Kiev termed "Ukraina," ie an uncivilized frontier territory, as it had begun to reach cultural heights during his reign, and he would have been offended had Rus' been termed one vast "ukraina," for it would have meant that his nation was being decried as a "barbarian satrapy," while the Kiev of his period was a cosmopolitan European center, beginning to rival Constantinople.

Rus' WAS NEVER CALLED "ukraina" while "ukrainy" existed on the fringes of Russian civilization, in the very Finnish areas this author is baiting for instance.

The term "ukraina" was used for outlying territories, which were sparsely populated and barbarous and WAS NEVER USED in reference to territories around Kiev or even the "Ukrainian" territories which made up Kievan Rus'. The territory was called Rus' with the typonomic adjective used to describe itself as "RUSSKAJA," "Russky," Russkoje,"(NEVER "Rusinskaja" or "Ruthenian") the same as in modern "Literary Russian," with the people calling themselves "RUSSKIJE" and "RUSICHI." None of this is found in the author's presentation nor does he indicate that these historical forms survive in modern literary Russian to the present day while they are ABSENT and/or grammatically compromised in "Ukrainian." Curiously, the author omits these facts.-R)

Напевно, ще більше київський князь Володимир здивувався б, що місто, яке народилося через двісті років після нього на землях фіно-угорського племені меря, претендує на ім’я Русі.

(St. Vladimir had been Prince of Novgorod--why would he have found it odd that Novgorod made pretense to the historic patrimony of Rus' or that the territories of its princes would be included as Rus'?! To make such a stupid argument is to argue that St. Vladimir and Novgorod were not from Rus' and that these territories were "Finno-Ugric" in constitution; however, these territories included more of the Slavic territory of Kievan Rus' than its modern day "Ukrainian" constituent parts, which leaves one wondering if the author had ever even seen a map of Kievan Rus' or read its history and how the Varangian Rurik established it as a Varangian kingdom in NOVGOROD before travelling to Kiev?!-R)

Як відомо, ядро, з якого розвинулася російська держави - Ростово-Суздальське князівство - існувало акуратно в межах племінних територій фіно-угорського племені меря. Російський історик Корсаков писав: «Ростово-Суздальська область при Юрії Довгорукому цілком співпадала з землею народу меря, поширюючись на північ до Білоозера, вверх за течією Мсти, Мологи, Костроми, Унжа, а на півдні обмежучись Клязьмою і Москвою-рікою».

(Actually, the Great Russian legacy as successor to Kievan Rus' is not at all established from Vladimir Suzdal, whose princes and retinues had incidentally migrated from Kiev, but from the historical patrimony of St. Alexander Nevsky of NOVGOROD, whose descendents became the Princes (and Tsars) of Moscow. Vladimir-Suzdal had been sacked during the Mongol conquest and faded as Novgorod rose as the successor to Kievan Rus'. Surely, they have the life of St. Alexander Nevsky available in the Ukraine?! How is it the author is so ignorant as to not know this?!-R)

Російські історики ХІХ століття, зокрема Ключевський, намагалися говорити про слов’янських переселенців на майбутні російські землі, які проникали «тоненькими струмочками на фінські землі», але так і не змогли пояснити факту, що жодних літописних даних про переселення слов’ян не збереглося, а також того факту, що ці «слов’янські переселенці» не заснували жодних нових населених пунктів.

(The Chronicles themselves indicate this so they, the Great Russian historians, indeed proved it. It was proved by the fact that the capitol of Kievan Rus' had prior to the Mongol conquest become Vladimir Suzdal, where Kievan nobility and princes and their retinues, ecclesiastical personages, those engaged in commerce and workers and slaves migrated from one capitol to another. Moreover, the morphing of the area around Kiev from Rus' to "ukraina" roughly a century after the Mongol conquest indicates great migration away from this city. After all, how does a cosmopolitan center become an uninhabited and lawless frontier? Where do the people go? The fact that frontier "ukraina" comes into existence indicates they have left. So, the facts seem to stand for themselves. How is it the author seems not to understand them?-R)

Становлення Росії пояснює, куди зникли з білого світу чудь, ливь, водь, ямь, чухна, весь, пермь, меря, мурома, мокша, мещера, югра, печора і т.д.? І чому лише за 13 років між двома переписами 1989 і 2002 року в Росії одразу майже на чверть зменшилася кількість представників фіно-угорських народів? Тому, Росія є радше слов’яномовною країною, а не слов’янською.

(Finno-Ugric peoples were regarded as "Aryans" by the NAZIs along with the "Ukrainians," at least according to Himmler who equated the Estonian and Galician SS divisions. While Finland was an allied state and "partner" of the Reich which was held in "highest esteem" as an Aryan brother according to Von Roebbentropp. So how is it Finno-Ugric peoples in Russia are any less "Aryan"? Accent or the fact that some have been assimilated into Slavic culture? To argue thus is to state that the Slavic culture of Kiev is inferior to Finno-Ugric culture. The NAZIs did indeed make this point, but it is strange coming from someone who claims to be a descendent of Kievan Rus' /yet strangely isn't a Russian?!/.

Moreover, Kievan Rus' was a VARANGIAN STATE with a Russian Slavic culture which became ascendant, of Greco-Slavic Orthodoxy /Byzantium-Bulgaria/. This state was composed of Finno-Ugric, Scandinavian, Slavic, Avar, Alan, Bulgar, Khazar, Sarmatian, Scythian, Baltic, etc. peoples at the outset. While Novgorod was known for being much less inclined to the inclusion of non-Slavic peoples than Kiev was. Where Kiev was known for the mixing of all the populations of Rus'. It is even written in the Chronicles how by the time of Grand Prince Jaroslav the Wise that the Slavs of Rus' and the Varangians and the Chud had begun to coalesce and "became one people." Grand Prince Jaroslav dies in 1054 AD. So within less than 200 years, a unified multi-racial state had emerged with a Kievan axis.

Who were the princes of the Chud, who inhabited the "ukrainy" of the Kievan period? They were russified Varangians, while the Russian Orthodox church and the Russian state is what had provided the Finno-Ugric assimilates (among other populations) their letters. So the argument becomes that Finno-Ugric people are not legitimate descendents of Rus' even though they were part of its citizenry and became in all effects Slavs and were indistinguishable from Slavs on the basis of their race? Then how does one contend with Scandinavian-Teutonic princes and aristocracy and foreign ecclesiastical personages, non Slavic in race, who made up the upper echelons of Kievan Rus'? Are they then non-Slavic and "non Russian" bastardized peoples as well?

Well, this ignorant and incoherent race theory hinges on what prejudices it ratifies and when it wants to arbitarily ratify them in its lack of standard and reflects unhistorical understandings which exclude almost the entire non-"Ukrainian" Slavic territories of Rus' and their inhabitants, who at least in the case of Novgorod, were initially known as peoples hostile to foreigners, moreso than the Slavs of cosmopolitan Kiev. These territories constitute a greater part of the territory of Kievan Rus' (and make up the bulk of European Russia today) than do the "Ukrainian" territories. They are, incidentally, SLAVIC in race.

Moreover, one is left baffled as to how expansion of Kievan Rus' meant that the populations who were absorbed were not Russian?! Why, the entire southern steppe, modern day "Ukraine" was such a hodgepodge of Indo-European and Asiatic peoples during the era who were absorbed as Russians according to the Chronicles.

Moreover, how is it that the clear cultural and religious and state and linguistic migration north, where all these institutions of Kievan Rus' are clearly retained and historically constitute the emergent state are somehow "unRussian" and Finno-Ugric when they lack totally a Finno-Ugric character but display clearly the patrimony of Kievan Rus'?! How can the possible admixture of some Finno-Ugric peoples in the North in any way disparage the admittedly ascendant Russian patrimony here which continued in uninterrupted succession from Kievan times, especially since those Finno-Ugric peoples were entirely assimilated and had been constituents of Kiev and assimilates of Kievan Rus' in Kievan times?! Is Kievan Rus' then illegitimately Slavic in its multi-racial constitution?!

This is where this neo-NAZI "Ukrainian" race theory begins to collapse in on itself in its stupidity.

One can also add to it the fact that "Ukrainian" nationalists today refuse to use the title "Rus', Russky, Russkaya" in reference to themselves, but ratify use of the term "Ukraina, Ukrainska, Ukrainsky" in this taxonomic position precisely to note their rejection of the Russian patrimony. Historically, these populations referred to themselves as "Rusiny, Russkije, Malorosijanje." Yet these ethnic demarcations which indicate kinship to Kievan Rus' are now set aside for a foreign demarcation which in Kievan times indicated an uncivilized frontiersman.

The differences in language between "Ukrainian" and the Russian of Kiev are also apparent. Taxonomic spellings, long vs. short adjectives and the degree of Polish/W Slavic terminologies and modes of expression are rife in modern "Ukrainian," in a magnitude of revolutionary departure from its Middle Ruthenian parent. While comparisons of old Russian to literary Russian show a natural evolution of language unstressed by foreign occupation and oppression. Literary Russian develops as a native tongue, unpolonized and undefaced by the linguistics and grammars of foreign oppressors. So too historically Great Russian culture, which retains a more native character, even amongst Finno-Ugric assimilates, than amongst Russian populations enslaved by other Slavs and foreigners, ie "Ukrainian, Byelorussian, and Galician and Carpatho Rusyn" populations.

While the degree of Finno-Ugric assimilation is totally exaggerated here as these very same Finno-Ugric peoples EXIST TO THIS DAY, unassimilate, in their own villages, in Great Russia, ONE THOUSAND YEARS LATER. Thus, the argument of Russification (from Kievan Rus') even collapses in incomprehension here. Surely, the author has read more than an UPA tract in putting this illiterate scat forward?!-R)


Очевидно, що росіяни як народ виникли в результаті мовної асиміляції перелічених вище фіно-угорських народностей. Визнання цієї простої і очевидної речі не несе жодного негативного контексту – це проста констатація факту.

(How is it that the Mordva, Estonians, Karelians, Finns, Zyrians, etc. exist to this day as their own peoples in their own villages with their own languages, unassimilate?! How is it if there are those who are so totally assimilate as Russian Slavs that they are in any way inferior to those who may have more Slavic DNA especially since these very same Finno-Ugric peoples /and other peoples/ were constituents of a multi-ethnic Kievan Rus' which was much more cosmopolitan and open in Kiev than in the North at Novgorod?! Total lack of logic, stupidity.-R)

Зрештою, фіно-угорські народи, на час підпорядкування Києву, уже мали власні міста (Ерзянь(Рязань), Ростов, Суздаль). Відносини князя Володимира Великого з різнорідними племенами на території сучасної Росії були переважно військовими. Як пише літопис, «Сього ж року (981) і в’ятичів він переміг, і наклав на них данину од плуга, як і отець його брав. У літо 982. Піднялися оружно в’ятичі. І пішов на них Володимир, і переміг їх удруге». В’ятичі і радимичі – племена польського походження – разом із численними фінно-угорськими народами згодом стали складовими російського етносу.

(So Vjatichi and Radmichi are Western Slavs, Poles, who lived in the area of the Don and the Volga and who came to constitute the people of Rus' in that region during the reign of St. Vladimir? Even if this claim can be shown to be accurate, this simply is stating that the Slavs of Vladimir-Suzdal were cosmopolitan and that there were Finno-Ugric constituencies there. Such was the case in Kiev even prior to St. Vladimir. How does this in any way reflect the xenophobia of Novgorod at the time and also the one Russian state which forms under Grand Prince Jaroslav the Wise in uniting disparate peoples under one prince, one Church, one language, one culture afterwards as the Chronicles indicate?! Is the author really this stupid as to neglect the fact that even Prince Jaroslav was prince in Novgorod before coming to Kiev and that it in turn was its own purely Russian Slavic phenomenon, distinct from Vladimir-Suzdal, but later joined with it in reviving the Russian state years after the Mongol conquest?!

Was there Polish and Finno-Ugric culture, religion, language, law, anything resulting from the conquest and inclusion of these peoples into Kievan Rus' that differentiated them from Rus'?! In contradistinction, what is the degree of foreign/polonic vandalism to "Ukrainian" culture, religion, language, law, everything?! Can the author really be this unread?!-R)

Літописець відгукується про них без політкоректності: «У літо 984. Пішов Володимир на радимичів. А був у нього воєвода Вовчий Хвіст, і послав перед собою Володимир Вовчого Хвоста. І стрів він радимичів на ріці Піщані, і переміг Вовчий Хвіст радимичів. Тому й дражнять руси радимичів, кажучи: "Піщанці од вовчого хвоста втікають". Були ж радимичі із роду ляхів і, прийшовши, тут поселилися. І платять вони данину Русі, і возять повіз і до сьогодні».

(Even in this account, it becomes clear that these people become subject peoples of Kievan Rus' and russify willingly.

This is prior to Grand Prince Jaroslav the Wise. Whereas, the Rus' during this period in the Chronicles refer principally to the Varangians, Scandinavians, where the various Slavic tribes still remained disparate but were being united under one Russian center. Is the author totally serious in purposefully omitting these facts? To assert that the inhabitants of Vladimir-Suzdal during the reign of St. Vladimir were really Poles and Finns?! Even if they were, St. Vladimir was a Scandinavian, and Poles and Finns, amongst others, were also part of the population of Kiev at the time. Was Kiev any less Russian as a result?! No, the fact that the "Russian" identity passing from Scandinavians to Slavs and other inhabitants of Kievan Rus' signifies that it was not racial, nor even national/ethnic in appelation, but ecclesiastical, linguistic, cultural and already proto-imperial. This is what these tidbits are stating ABOUT KIEVAN times and rule, asserting the RUSSIAN IMPERIAL modality and stating its legitimacy.-R)

Те ж саме стосується й «єдиної Русі», яка, на думку патріарха Кирила, включає території України, Білорусі і Росії. УП вже наводила цитати, які свідчать про те, що до 15 століття московські князі й не думали зватися Руссю, а остаточно відмовилися від своєї власної назви на користь штучного еллінізованого чужомовного слова «Росія» лише у 18 столітті.

(From the time of St. Alexander Nevsky, the title of Grand Prince of Kiev and all of Rus' had passed from Vladimir-Suzdal /from whence it had passed from Kiev/ to him and his descendents and the title was used uninterruptedly along with calls for "the gathering of the Russian lands" and "Third Rome" ideology. It is even inscribed on bells and whatnot gifted by the Princes of Moscow to the Church. Thus, the author "proved" the lack of use of the word "Rus'" like he has proven all of his "facts" in this piece: BY IGNORING THEM AND CONJURING incoherent propaganda which constitutes nothing more than some quack lie which exists in total anomie from history.-R)

Досить часто народи намагаються привласнити більш авторитетну історію. І в цьому немає нічого дивного чи небаченого. Так, германці ледь не тисячу років намагалися називатися Священною Римською імперією, попри те, що внесок германців у Римську історію насамперед полягав у тому, що германські племена зруйнували Рим. Румуни також намагаються прив’язати свою історію до стародавнього Риму і нащадків римських легіонерів, хоча історичні джерела повідомляють, що 271 року н. е. війська і колонії римлян під натиском варварів залишили сучасну Румунію, і там лишилися тільки місцеві латинізовані даки.

Виходячи з усього вищенаведеного, історія Росії має таке ж відношення до історії Русі, як, скажімо, історія Анголи і Мозамбіку до історії Португалії. Чи історія Індії – до історії Великої Британії, чи, навіть, до індіанців.

(It seems, however, that Novgorod exists in non-interrupted succession from Kievan Rus' to this day and is the progenitor of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, which unites the Great Russian lands and then in reunion with Little Russian and White Russian lands comes to constitute the Russian Empire.

Such living witness and ontological reality of the survival of Kievan Rus' without recz pospolita and Unia and its slavery constitutes the survival of the civilization of Kievan Rus' undoubtedly, moreso, than "Ukrainian" attempts at its modern day polonization in their construct of a polonizing framework and psudomorphic cultural enslavement alloyed with Unia as contemporary and revolutionary loose claimant expressions of it, which even patently deny its simple taxonomy and its historical spellings and grammar and religion.

Indeed, Kievan Rus' is historically, culturally, religiously, territorially, etc. preserved and evolves from Novgorod and its heirs, while having to be liberated in the "Ukraine" by these very same heirs of Novgorod.

Thus, Rus' and Russia are easily identified as one, but such an association with the "Ukraine" which has come to stand for the polonization and Uniatization of Kievan Russian identity, etc. becomes much more strained and, yes, analogous to Romania calling itself by the historical name of the Byzantine Empire and expected to be regarded as such or an "heir."

The "Ukraine" through Polish enslavement and utter debasement of its Russian populations and institutions indeed becomes a pseudomorphosed and bastardized claimant state, especially in light of the fact that the North naturally and uninterruptedly observed and developed the ontology of Kievan Rus' without foreign domination NATIVELY. One can read and experience Kievan Rus' in Russia, but "ukraina" by its very name excludes it and historically states only its frontiers and uncivilized aspects under foreign influences. Indeed.-R)

Можливо, патріарх Кирило під «наступництвом» за князем Володимиром мав на увазі причетність Росії до Володимирового хрещення 988 року? Між тим, християнізація північних околиць Київської державивідбулася через кілька століть після Володимира Великого. Приміром, через століття після охрещення Києва на майбутніх московських землях язичники вбили Леонтія-мученика, а через півтора століття - Кукшу Печерського, святого Києво-Печерської лаври.

(While "Ukrainian" nationalists cite the worship of "dazboh" survives to this day in Galicia and the SS division even tried to incorporate some of its imagery?!

Pagan survivals or even pagan populations do not in any way undo the fact that Kievan Rus' became an Orthodox state during the reign of St. Vladimir where the Chronicles clearly indicate that by the time of Grand Prince Jaroslav the Wise that "Rus' had totally been united in Orthodoxy."

Moreover, the arrival of St. Peter of Vohlynia from the West and the transfer of the see of Kiev to Moscow clearly indicate the degree to which Russian Orthodox Christianity had not only attained Kievan standards but became so inculcated amongst the populace that the saintly Metropolitan moved the Kievan Metropolia to the North, which was far less pagan than the Lithuania from which he fled, which ruled the "Ukrainian" and Byelorussian territories of Kievan Rus' at the time.

How is it the author also missed this?!-R)

Цікава тема для патріарха - один український літератор порахував, що рівно через 666 років після цієї світлої події сталася інша подія – Переяславська рада 1654 року.

(The Baptism of Russia equated with the beginnings of the reunion of the Russian lands. How appropriate! Both holy endeavours. May we finally reunite all the Russian lands in this century, four hundred years after Perejaslavl!

While it is curious how a spiritul descendent of those who wore swastikas, skulls, "SS" markings still persists in the occult imagery of Himmler and the Thule Society.-R)

Факт у тому, що на території Росії ніякого утвердження християнства в 988 році не було. Цей процес розтягнувся на століття. Ще й через століття після хрещення киян, воєвода київського князя Ян Вишатич, при зборі данини на території сучасного Нечорнозем’я, десятками виловлював місцевих шаманів. Через століття після хрещення Русі навіть у Новгороді, який міцно контролювався Києвом, син Великого Київського князя Святослава Ярославича Гліб змушений був вдаватися до суворих заходів проти язичників, за якими пішло все місто. Через 108 років після хрещення Русі в Суздальській землі було лише дві церкви, у той час як в одному Києві їх були сотні.

(Russia and Kievan Rus' were one and the same and there was no dichotomy between Novgorod and Suzdal or Suzdal and Kiev or Kiev and Novgorod, but if the author wants to introduce this fiction, then that means that Moscow, since it was founded by the descendents of St. Alexander Nevsky, then in reality becomes the Kievan patrimony BY HIS ADMISSION and also states that he is ignorantly ignoring the Novgorodian patrimony of Moscow to state his piece of unlettered and poor propaganda. That's all this stupidity states.

Likewise, the useage of "Ukrainian nationalists" to state Rus', Russky, Russkaja during this period really means "Ruthenia and Ruthenian" would in the same way apply to Novgorod and its descendent, Moscow, stating that they too were "Ruthenian" as they clearly constituent of the terminology, making an ahistorical distinction which inaccurately really provides no differentiation. /There was no "Ruthenia" until 1595 until the terminology was invented in Rome and used on a medal to commemorate the beginning of Unia./

Again, "Ukrainian nationalists" celebrate the survivals of "ancient Ukrainian" paganism and their Galician SS division flirted with it. But none of this contradicts the clearly stated texts of the Chronicles which state that by the time of Jaroslav the Wise Rus' had become an Orthodox nation where pagan populations may have existed, but were seen as unRussian. The Chronicles emphatically detail how these populations (Slavic and non) were being "civilized" by acceptance of Russian Orthodoxy.

Conversely, Litovskaya Rus' remains an officially pagan kingdom until its rulers renounce their Orthodox Baptism and subject their lands to Poland in Commonwealth. Does this make those Russian lands under occupation any less Orthodox?! Well, St. Peter of Vohlynia felt so and transferred the See of Kiev to the North, but no, these Russian lands were Orthodox even though ruled by an officially "Orthodox-izing" PAGAN state. Surely, they have some sort of history books in the "KP"?!-R)

Що є князь Володимир для України - зрозуміло. Заслуги його безсумнівні, а результати діяльності очевидні й досі. Саме Володимир запровадив в Києві християнство. Саме до держави часів Володимира в усі часи апелювали ідеологи української держави. «Як славні предки наші за великого Київського князя Володимира воювали морем Царгород, так і нащадки їхні на човнах сміливо те ж діють» , - писав у XVII столітті один з них про напади козаків на Стамбул. Саме за часів Володимира закон в Україні став писаним, як у цивілізованих країнах. Саме від тризуба Володимира і Рюриковичів загалом веде свій початок нині чинний український герб. Цей герб Рюриковичів, до речі, на Говерлі зруйнували члени «Євразійського союзу молоді» кремлівського ідеолога Олександра Дугіна. Сам же Дугін називає московського патріарха Кирила «ідеалом православного архіпастиря».

("Ukrainian state" during the time of St. Vladimir?! Where?! How?! There wasn't even mention of such a "Ukrainian state" in Austrian Galicia in the 1870s when these quack ideas were sprung. While the title of the Chronicles is clear: POVEST VREMENNYKH LJET OTKUDA jest poshla RUSSKAJA ZEMLJA. We read the "Russian land" here clearly, but no mention of anything "Ukrainian," as "ukrainian" terminology means historically REGIONAL "uncivilized and sparsely populated frontier." During the time of St. Vladimir "ukraina" was usually used in reference to the very Finno Ugric lands this author is racially dismissing. What in the world is he talking about? Where did he get this "Ukrainian baika" from?!

In the sixteenth century, there was no "Istanbul" just as there was no "Ukrainian nation" a Cossack wrote about, while the "tryzub" had passed to the Lithuanians and was used by them to oppress the Russian populations of recz pospolita under blue and yellow colors. What in the world is the author talking about?! Is this supposed to be history or just a "Ukrainian baika."

During the era, what became the brotherhoods, under the aegis of the Kiev Caves Lavra cultivated the notions of "Jedinaya Rus' Svjataja" and "Russkaja zemlja," no "ukraines."

While during this period, the title "Rosija mikra," ie "Little Russia" garnered from CONSTANTINOPLE to distinguish a Russian metropolia, minor to the historical Kievan one preserved in the North as "megalo," ie "Great," was established. After Lublin this Constantinopolitan taxonomy of "Rosija Mikra" becomes the "Malaja Rosija" of the Lvov, Ostrogh, and Kievan brotherhoods, where they begin referring to the Russian populations of recz pospolita as "Malorosijanje" and do so throughout the histories of their existences.

Why, this FIRST use of the term "Rosija" becomes the basis for the taxonomy "Russia" introduced by Kievan scholars to Tsar' Alexis Mikhailovich and subsequently affixed to the subsequent imperial state. Yet somehow, "Ukrainian nationalists" attempt to state that it was Peter I's creation, but even there they fail to concede that the modernizers of the "Russian language" and heads of educational and state institutions which introduced Latin letters to the North WERE PRINCIPALLY FROM KIEV AND LITTLE RUSSIA and that the terminology was their brainchild, ie that of the Little Russian brotherhoods.

These "Ukrainoznavtsy" also neglect to inform people that the MIDDLE RUTHENIAN of the Little Russian brotherhoods was a parent language of the All Russian literary language inaugurated this era, and that their "derussifications" and "Ukrainska mova" are not an affirmation of "anti-Moscow" "national consciousness" but of FLIGHT FROM THEIR MIDDLE RUTHENIAN parent language, which upon cursory examination is clearly a variant of LITERARY RUSSIAN and in no wise the bastardized polono-Russian mess they put forward as "mova." Their "derussification" is vandalism of the scholarly and historical speech of Kiev, Lvov, Vilna and Ostrogh and has nothing at all to do with Moscow or Great Russian chauvinism, but everything to do with legitimizing and creating a polonized UNIATE slave language distinct from the historical literary language of the people.

This "Cossack: the author invents is not in any way related to any Zaporozhian (or even Polish chartered "Ukrainian" Cossack) of the era, who in their correspondences and in such documents as the TREATY OF HADIACH wrote of a "RUSSKAJA ZEMLJA," which included in its territory parts of the Ukraine, in Commonwealth with recz pospolita. That document makes clear what was the REGIONAL and the NATIONAL/ETHNIC appelations of the Russian populations of the era and historically. Sadly, it too is missed by the author in his "Ukrainoznavska baika." -R)

Судячи з останніх заяв патріарха Кирила, керівництво Московського патріархату цілком свідомо продовжує розглядає себе як агента поширення російського впливу. І ця роль для московської церкви важливіша за властиву роль церкви. Треба сказати, що для московської церкви це досить традиційна постава. Ті, хто спрямував у Київ Кирила на інаугурацію, враховують відому набожність і забобонність Віктора Януковича, для вчинків якого може знадобитися зрежисоване Кремлем «теоретичне обґрунтування». Зі свого боку Україні не можна просто дивитися на те, як в неї намагаються вкрасти її історію. Бо все це, в остаточному рахунку, робиться задля того, щоб вкрасти у нашого народу його Батьківщину і місце під сонцем.

(Agent of the Russian state? Then how is it he wants "Ukrainian citizenship"?! Is that a new act of Russian espionage?!

Moreover, speaking of political operatives, Mikhail Antonovich Denisenko, is BY FAR not an ORTHODOX MONK, is defrocked, LAICIZED, as an Orthodox cleric, yet has only maintained a post due to political intrigues by the "Ukrainian nationalist" government to divide the Orthodox Church in the Ukraine and lessen its degree of response to secularization, Unia and sectarianism, which the "Ukrainian nationalist" government encourages.

It put this man in his post, funds his sect, gives it Orthodox churches and institutions and legal standing, provides funds for building of new churches, and has members/family of politicians within its ranks to not in any way promote Orthodoxy, but legitimation of UNIA (PAPAL AND FOREIGN SPIRITUAL IMPERIALISM ON "UKRAINIAN" territory), and any and all "Ukrainian nationalist" stupidities such as this article by this author for no other reason than to uproot the historical Russian Orthodox church which has been on "Ukrainian soil" since 988 AD.

The MP has a clear lineage from KIEV. St. Peter of Vohlynia existed and his acts existed, were ratified and recognized throughout the Orthodox world as good and proper.

But Mikhail Antonovich has only had a "Ukrainian" church since 1992 and then as a laymen with a checkered moral record, compromised by an unmonastic lifestyle and outright sergianist/renovationist lackeyism to "Ukrainian nationalist" politicians and the UNIATE "church," which he courts in obsequium

To argue that the historical church is out of place as being "a political arm of Russia" to assert that this "KP" with no historical or canonical foundation is legitimate, along with the Polish imposed-Vatican ruled/directed UNIA, is to firstly dismiss standards of "politization" as being ignored in regard to establishing legitimacy and to secondly state that ahistorical and quack political operatives who represent this base and groundless "Ukrainian nationalism" are the standard of legitimacy, which leaves that legitimacy nothing but politicized and historically contradicted and hollow. Such is the legitimacy of the "Ukrainian baika."

Indeed, such a poorly articulated double standard only reinforces the position of Patriarch Kyrill and mandates his "pechalovanije," political involvement into an ecclesiastical situation in the Ukraine which has not been so anti-Orthodox and politicized since Brest and the Unia of 1596 to preserve Orthodox Faith and piety, which the author and the KP here declare their full frontal assault against in both methodology and incoherent historiography. The author and the "KP" are warring against Rus', history, Orthodoxy in the support of UNIA and the "Ukrainian baika."

It would be errant for the Patriarch OF ALL RUS' to not intercede and act to stop these unOrthodox and heretical/schismatic currents from threatening the spiritual lives of Orthodox believers.-R)

Під час інаугурації Януковича патріарх Кирило завершив свою промову модифікованими словами «Молитви за Україну»: «Боже великий єдиний Русь-Україну храни. Волі і світу промінням Ти її осіни». Московський патріарх, напевно, не знає, що автор цих рядків Олександр Кониський за «малоросійську пропаганду» був висланий з України, а його твори знищені. Престарілого композитора музики до «Молитви за Україну» Миколу Лисенка за «українофільство» жандарми запроторили до буцегарні.

(Does the author deny here the role played by Austria-Hungary in creating the "Ukrainian nationality" under the auspices of the chauvinism of Kostamarov-Dragmomanov to dislodge Little Russia from the Russian empire and swallow it into the Austro-Hungarian empire?

How is it he does not mention that the only "Little Russian" documents that were banned called for such sedition and whose point of origin and financial support came from Austria-Hungary, which at the time was using such propaganda to combat the "Rusin Awakening," where possession of books printed in cyrillic became grounds for Austro-Hungarian summary arrest and repression.

Does the author know the plight of such news organs as the "Svit" newspaper or what transpired with the centuries old Lvov Russian Brotherhood due to "ukrainoznavstvo" created and enforced by the Austrian secret police?!

What about the Austrian famines and Talerhoff?!

Does the author even know that Hrushevsky was accused of "russophile propaganda" by the very same secret police until he change the name of his opus A HISTORY OF RUS' to a HISTORY OF THE UKRAINE and placed it under secret police and "Ukrainian nationalist" censor?!

Then again, if he admitted knowledge of such things, he certainly couldn't write the stupidity he has--there could be no propagation of his "Ukrainoznavska baika."-R)

Попри всю цю сумну історію, між Україною і Росією можуть скластися добрі відносини. Потрібна лише одна умова: щоб усі керувалися заповіддю: «Не пожадай ні дому ближнього твого, ні поля його». Якщо б бути безнадійним ідеалістом, можна було б сподіватися, що московський патріарх почне із себе.

(So for Russia to encourage the reunfication of Rus' is to "covet" the "Ukraine"?! Well, that is easily answered with one simple question: UKRAINA CHEVO?! RUSI!!! Zanchit RUSSKAJA ZEMLJA. The use of the term "ukraine" apriori ratifies its RUSSIAN territorial character.

"Ukrainian nationalist" quackery tends to quickly fall to pieces with THEM (Uniates and Galicians mainly) openly coveting Russian land for a "nationality" which has no history and is not the ethnic identity of the land they occupy. So who really is covetting? Blue and yellow Galician Uniate occupation seems to be more a culprit logically.-R)


Олександр ПАЛІЙ
- історик, політолог, кандидат політичних наук

("Historian, Political Scientist, Candidate for a Doctorate in Political Studies"--From what we have just read, history is a backdrop for politics, and here, a false Neo-NAZI propaganda which is incoherently stupid is masquerading as both. The only thing he has presented us with is the UKRAINOZNAVSKA BAIKA. This man is not serious and his credential is nothing but a total joke.-R)


ВАЖЛИВО: Публікації у розділі «Огляд ЗМІ» подаються без змін мовою оригіналу з метою привернути увагу до зовнішнього погляду на події та/або думки, які стосуються буття Української Церкви. Зміст публікацій не відображає офіційної позиції Київського Патріархату. Розміщення їх в цьому розділі не означає, що прес-центр Київської Патріархії погоджується зі змістом матеріалу або поділяє точку зору його авторів.


(It would have been good for the "KP" to edit this piece to not embarass itself with its incoherent and stupid arguments and clear ignorance of history and shifting, self contradictory standards of legitimacy. The fact the "KP" puts scat like this forward unedited and uncorrected shows how desperate and baseless its schismatic and phyletistic claims are.

Judge for yourself, but this piece is so flawed as to not be worthy of presentation in a high school forensics class. It is utterly that laughible.

So the author titled this piece looking to define a "baika" and succeeded in doing so, that of HIS OWN, the "KP's", and of the "Ukrainian nationalists'." Pathetic.

R M Malleev-Pokrovsky)




Джерело: «Українська правда».

(A clear oxymoron.-R)

On the Massacre of Jews during the First Days of the Occupation

Ukrainian nationalists beating a Jew in Lvov on the first day of German occupation in 1941


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D. Kahane

The devil's game began

On the Massacre of Jews during the First Days of the Occupation



At the time Lvov was occupied by the Germans, 135,000 Jews resided in the city. Among them there were refugees Poland, who managed to flee in September 1939. Besides that, many Jews moved to Lvov from small towns in western Ukraine after Soviet rule had been established there. Lvov had never had so many Jews before.
It began on Tuesday, July 2, in the morning, when the Soviet troops left Lvov. The city had three prisons stuffed with inmates. Inmates were of different sorts, but most of them were either criminals or political prisoners. Many of them were sentenced to death, and their corpses were buried in the prison courtyard. The Germans opened the prison gates and released most of the inmates.

The Gestapo decided to make use of what had happened in the prison under the Soviet rule for the purposes of propaganda. In presence of special commissions, Jews were made to dig out the corpses of prison inmates. The action was shot by film operators to be shown later as evidence of the execution of innocent people by the "Jewish Bolsheviks."

The devil's game started. The Germans were seizing Jews in the streets or at home and forcing them to work in prison. The arrests of the Jews were also conducted by the newly created Ukrainian police. The Ukrainians and Poles were ready to help the Germans. The operation was over in three to four days. Every morning about a thousand Jews were brought and distributed among the three prisons. Some were ordered to break concrete and dig out corpses. Others were shot in the small inner courtyards of the prisons. But even those "lucky ones" who were working often did not come home. Some fainted because of the stench of open graves. These people were dragged away and also shot. Guards in gas masks were German soldiers and officers. From time to time they would cheer themselves yelling, "Revenge is sweet!" The "Aryan" residents of Lvov participated in this brutal show. Their crowds wandered along prison corridors and courtyards, observing with satisfaction the suffering of the Jews. There could be heard hysterical outcries, "Shoot them! Shoot the murderers!" Here and there volunteers could be found to help the Germans in the beating of Jews. During the first days of the occupation of Lvov more than 3,000 Jews were killed in the Lvov prisons. Among them one of the best known and popular rabbis of Lvov - Doctor Yehezkel Leaven and his brother, the rabbi of the town of Zheshkov, Aaron Levin.

The story of the death of the rabbi, Doctor Levin, deserves attention. Immediately after the seizure of Lvov by the Germans, the city was filled by rampaging Ukrainians. Information about pogroms conducted by Ukrainians started coming in to Lvov from surrounding towns. Rabbi Yehezkel Levin decided to address a complaint to the archbishop of Ukraine, Sheptyts'kyi, known for his sympathy towards Jews.1 Accompanied by two representatives of the Jewish community, the rabbi went to the residence of the archbishop on the Iura Hill on the morning of July 2. The archbishop talked to the delegation immediately upon its arrival and promised to send a pastoral letter to his parish, in which he would warn the Ukrainians against murders and plundering. Yet, he admitted his inability to influence any matters concerning the Germans.

At the end, the archbishop suggested that Levin stay with him, since the streets were dangerous. At this time the rabbi of the town of Podhaitsy, Lilienfeld, a close acquaintance of the Sheptyts'ki family, was staying at Sheptys'kyi's house. The rabbi expressed his gratitude but rejected the offer. At the gates he was awaited by a priest, who was supposed to see him home. On Kollontai Street he sent the priest back. He walked into his house and went up the stairs. At the door to his apartment he was met by two policemen. They arrested him. He never came home.


Gitelman, Zvi, Bitter Legacy: Confronting the Holocaust in the USSR. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 1997. pp. 278 - 280



http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/orgs/german/einsatzgruppen/esg/eye/kahane.html

Ukrainian Nationalism, Activities Sponsored by Nazi Germany

Ukrainian Nationalism,
Activities Sponsored by Nazi Germany (1)


After the Soviet Union extended their influence into Polish territories, there was an upsurge of Ukrainian Nationalism. This resurgence was not limited to Ukraine proper or to the German-occupied area, but manifested itself abroad in The Americas and Canada. The pro-German Ukrainian activist, Danile Skoropadski, was heavily engaged in the United States and Canada giving speeches to meetings of Ukrainian emigres. The main organ for the distribution of pro-German sympathies and propaganda was the Ukrainian magazine 'Na Vidsich', which was financed from German sources. (2)
In Germany, according to Confidential Press Reports (section re the Ukraine), the Headquarters of the Hetmanzy (nationalist group) – and presumably Hetman Pavlo Skorpadsky himself – moved from Berlin, where they were established since about 1920, to Krakow. (3)

Krakow now became the headquarters (or base from which operations were conducted) of other Ukrainian Nationalists movements or parties, i.e. the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists (O.U.N.). The organ of the O.U.N. in Krakow was 'Kakowski Wisti'. (4) Reports being fed to British Intelligence (M.I.2b) in August 1940 confirmed continued German support for the Ukrainian Nationalists, quelling earlier reports that arrests and even executions had taken place. Later information confirmed that all the prominent OUN leaders were still in place, and the Hetman Skoropadsky's paper was still appearing in Berlin. (5)

An article in an emigre Russian newspaper published on the 26th April 1940 reported the efforts made by the German administration to encourage the Nationalists in their quest for a Greater Ukraina.(6) The same newspaper also reported that the majority of Ukrainian prisoners of war had been released and sent home, and the remainder were separated from the Polish prisoners and detained in a separate camp. In these Ukrainian camps propaganda was carried out under the supervision of Sevryuk, a leader of the OUN, who offered hope of the formation of a 'Greater Ukraina Army'. This all helped to engender hatred against the Jews and Poles. Another sign of continued German support was the transfer of Orthodox churches taken from the Roman Catholics and given to the Ukrainians.(7) This carrot to the Ukrainians continued:


But this is only one side of the question, and there is another more important one. The whole remnant of the former 'Little Poland' has been officially declared to be Ukrainian land. This German ' Ukraina' includes the territory of Sanok, Leszno, Krasno, Brzozow, Yaslo, Gorlice, and Nowy Sacz. In this territory the Ukrainian yellow and blue flag has been restored and all the administration handed over to the Ukrainians. A Ukrainian militia has been created which is regarded by the local population as 'the 'Cadres' of the future Ukrainian Army'. Many Ukrainians have fled to Przemyszl from Lvov. Walking in Przemyszl, the informant of Vakar saw on one side of the river San yellow and blue flags, and one quite small swastika over the German Commandant's office. The tiny 'Ukrainian' is bounded by the USSR and sub-Carpathian Ruthenia. A little to the west at Zakopane there has just been set up a separate 'state of Carpathian mountaineers' which Governor General Frank visited in February promising to the mountaineers 'a special regime'. (8)
The German view of the Ukrainian presence in Poland was greatly over estimated. This was particularly evident in the Zakopane region on the Slovakian frontier and in Krakow. Many reports suggest there was no Ukrainian question. However, Germany was undoubtedly encouraging the Ukrainians with an eye on the USSR at the same time.

The object of the O.U.N. was to establish an independent Ukraine State. To achieve this, counter-revolutionary activities were carried on in the Ukraine proper (under Soviet rule), which included the forming of military units. (9)

In addition to the O.U.N., there was a sister organisation known as the O.D.V.U, founded in 1929 in America. This sub-organisation was also supported and financed by various German governments, commencing from the government of 1914-18. The sole purpose of the O.D.V.U. was the collection of funds for the O.U.N, and propaganda: 'acquainting the world with the Ukrainian question and the right of Ukrainians for self-determination, etc.' (10)

There was an arm of the O.D.V.U. in South America with its headquarters in Buenos Aires, and in its organ 'Nash Klich' their sympathies were entirely with Germany. As a result of the outbreak of the Second World War, the Argentine government banned the organisation because of its close ties with Germany. In 1940, the American newspapers accused the O.D.V.U. of Fifth Column activities, with the result that the American government instigated an investigation of 'un-American' activities.(11)

In Canada, the Ukrainian newspaper 'Novy Shliah', on the surface, was loyal to Canada. However, the organ reproduced articles from the 'Krakowski Wisti', a defender of Ukrainian nationalism (pro German). The newspapers' activities extended to propaganda articles and was believed to be a base for the recruitment of Ukrainian emigres in Canada for the 'liberation' of Ukraina. (12)

The American and Canadian governments actively infiltrated these nationalist organisations and were able to obtain various intelligence which pointed directly to various groups organising themselves on a military bases in German occupied Poland. These reports revealed how these groups were being organised, their maintenance, equipment, and training in specially set up establishments near Krakow (SS/SD school in Zakopane/Rabka). It also revealed the treasonable activities of a Ukrainian minority during the war in Poland by acts of sabotage and mutiny in the Polish army, etc.(13)

In the United States, the O.U.N. did not openly declare its pro-German sympathies and policy of collaboration. They did it by inference in newspaper articles indirectly calling for the 're-birth' of national (Ukrainian) life, culture and economics in German occupied Poland. Also by inference, and in some cases more directly, made clear that such national life has been made possible since the time of the German occupation. Besides this, all nationalist Ukrainian newspapers in the occupied area did not hide their hatred of the ally of Great Britain and Canada, i.e. of Poland. Pro-German sympathies were openly discussed in correspondence and newspapers in South America, but not in The United States or Canada.(14)

In the occupied areas of Poland the O.U.N. were conducting violent anti-Soviet propaganda and shouted for the 'liberation of Ukrainian lands' by Ukrainian efforts and forces – which, on the face of it, was absurd as they could not move without their German masters. At one stage the Germans were considering the formation of a Ukrainian Brigade in German occupied Poland, but no doubt the Germans got 'cold feet' over this suggestion, as they were very wary and suspicious of the Ukrainians' proclaimed loyalty to the Reich. (15) Other intelligence reports report Hitler was considering setting up a Polish Government and Army of a million men, consisting of Poles and Ukrainians which was to be led by young peasant stock. (16) The point of these suggested measures was to exclude the intellectuals and create a Polish buffer state between Germany and the U.S.S.R.

In October 1940, a new figure entered upon the scene of Ukrainian politics – namely Nicholas Skoropadski, nephew of Hetman Skoropaski, who, at the end of the First World War, was for a short time, ruler of the 'Ukrainian Republic' under German auspices. At the beginning of the second World War, Nicholas Skoropadski was in Russia fermenting discreet trouble among his nationals. He then left hurriedly for Poland, then passed into Germany and was politically active from then on. Soviet sources at that time, reported that he had a secret meeting with Hitler, in Berlin, in October, 1940 and that a concrete plan of action in Ukraine was discussed. (17)

From intelligence sources gathered by the British, Nicholas Skoropadski was ready to play a quisling part in his country and was credited with having widespread influence and an organisation working steadily on the lines of the old 'Ukrainian Independence Party', spreading disaffection in Soviet Ukraina and the part of Poland recently occupied by the Russians. Through various intelligence channels reported to the British government, it was possible to gather some idea of the Skopodaski organisations intent should Germany begin an Eastern Drive. These Nazi sympathizers were to be ready to 'play their allotted part' when Germany was ready to move. Bearing in mind that this intelligence was gathered on the 15th and 16th October, 1940, there was time for the organisation to get its act together. The broad lines of Germany's aggression Plan were expected to materialise around March or April, 1941. (18)


German-Ukrainian collaboration was on high alert and had already made plans to make maximum use of the minorities in Bukovina, Ruthenia, the Balkans, as well as disaffection spread in Ukraine proper and in Soviet occupied Poland. Secret nuclei of 'Ukrainian Legions' such as Roland and Nightingale, were formed in the above territories. Personnel from these 'legions' were being trained in a number of centres in the occupied territories, the main centres being the SS/SD schools in Zakopane/Rabka, and in Pistanay, Slovakia.(19) The report also included reference to Ukrainian Priests being trained at Breslau, for what purpose it is not clear. German instructors and German equipment were supplied on a lavish scale. Recruits for the volunteers for these 'legions' going on in the areas where the Nazis had a sphere of influence over Ukrainian emigres, including those in the United States and Canada. (20)

German proposed expansionism eastward had her eye on the Black Sea ('Oil') which could either be obtained from Russia (amicably by overt threats), or Rumania (less amicably), and then by uprisings engineered in all Ukrainian territories under Soviet rule, as well as Soviet-occupied Poland. The 'Legions' would be used to bolster up the uprisings, preparatory to a formal German move 'to restore order'. The old story of 'self determination' and 'appeals to Germany for aid' to be revived. A policy that was to be perfected by the Soviets.

In the latter part of 1940, there were clear indications of a German build-up on the Soviet border, stretching from Eastern Prussia along the entire demarcation line of the Soviet-German Pact. Intelligence reports of the time refer to at least 46 German divisions in East Prussia, 24 divisions in Poland and a further 12 divisions in the strategic triangle of Krakow, Moravska Ostrava and Ilib. These military formations far exceeded the actual needs of occupation. (21) Again, intelligence reports refer to special winter equipment being used by the German troops on manoeuvres – 'winter clothing' of the type used in Finland – skis, etc. It was also reported that Germany had placed rush orders for ski-mounted aeroplanes in Czech aviation factories, plus large orders for skis for troops. (22) The Skoda works were experimenting with new types of light artillery mounted on special chain protected wheels for travel over ice, as well as 'glider undercarriages' for negotiating deep snow. (23) As a special 'treat' German troops flooded into Zakopane and Bad Rabka for ski-manoeuvres on the slopes of the Carpathians and in the rocky passes as soon as winter conditions permitted, which was usually late October. (24) This activity was described by the German propaganda machine as health sports for the troops. However, shrewd observers interpreted it differently. (25)

These were not the only military preparations that indicated some form of aggression against the Soviet Union, sooner rather than later, even to the untrained eye. Behind the scenes, intensive indoctrination courses were in progress in training of Ukrainians, Polish and SS/SD personnel in the training schools, particularly in Zakopane, and then Rabka.

To compound the confused assessment of the British Government (which will be referred to later), intense activity was taking place in Slovakia, from West to East, pointing directly towards the Soviet-Ukrainian border: strategic 'penetration' roads were being constructed, capable of bearing the accelerated tempo of heavy tanks and other similar vehicles – side roads linked to the former for lesser transport, supplies etc., – short, two-track railway lines, which stopped just short of the border, their exact proposed use was not known at that time. (26)

There is no doubt that the complete suppression of Poland was just the first project on the agenda by the Nazis. With the invasion of Great Britain put on hold, (the battle for the skies over GB had failed) priorities shifted to developments in the Balkans, Rumania and the Black Sea, and of course it was the controlling stake in the oil fields that was very tempting for the future of German expansionism.

All the indications from the intelligence sources at the disposal of the British Government indicated very strongly that Germany would make a push for the wheat-lands, the oil fields and the coal fields etc. of Russian (and Polish) Ukraina. Russia relied on dialogue with her German partners as she was in no way able to respond militarily at that time.

Moscow had received numerous warnings from London and Washington. At the beginning of January, 1941, Sumner Wells, the Under Secretary of State, passed on to the Soviet Ambassador in Washington information which had reached his Government about the Germans preparations for attacking the USSR., and he gave him further details on the 20th March. (27) Sir Stafford Cripps, (Ambassador to Moscow) as early as the 24th April, 1941, had to fight to get the ear of the Soviets to warn them of German intentions. His advice was brushed aside as Stalin had concluded it would have been madness for Hitler to undertake war against the USSR before finishing off the war in the West. (28)

There is no doubt that all governments were indulging in the art of bluff and counter bluff, and in this respect the German propaganda machine was well ahead of the field. Minds were concentrated on Germany: will she or won't she invade the USSR?

About the end of April 1941, in a conversation between Sir Stafford Cripps and General Sikorski, it was reported by Sikorski that the Polish government had received intelligence that German troops were concentrating in the strength of more than a hundred divisions and about 2,000 supporting aircraft, in the proximity of the Russian frontier, mass forces on the Finnish frontier and considerable forces on the Rumanian frontier.(29) Hitler was convinced that the war would be over quickly when he would turn to Great Britain and finish the job before winter. (30) Cripps reported that there were rumors that Rumania had already declared war on Russia, but he was of the opinion (by intelligence) that the anti-war party in Germany was prevailing and this indication was supported by the return to Moscow of the wives and children of the German diplomats.(31)

His Majesty's Britannic Government (Joint Intelligence sub-Committee of the War Cabinet), as late as May, 1941, (only weeks before the Nazi onslaught) was in possession of all the above facts and much more beside which were passed to Maisky, the Soviet Ambassador in London. Yet, despite overwhelming evidence and indications that such an assault was imminent, concluded:


"Whereas a few weeks ago rumours were current throughout Europe of an impending German attack on the U.S.S.R., the contrary is now the case. There are some indications which suggest that a new agreement between the two countries may be nearly complete". (32)
(Signed) Cavendish-Bentinck
Davidson
Medhurst
Campbell
Vickers






The conclusions of H. M. Government are briefly set out below. A more comprehensive assessment and the arguments on which they are based are set out in Appendix 1. (33)

Conclusions:

To pursue her present war aims, Germany needed economic assistance from Russia. Agreement with the Soviets or war.

War with the Soviets economically damaging to Germany. German air force in difficulties. An agreement was overwhelming.

Convincing threats by Germany on the Soviets. The danger point: The Soviets would not sign over control. The Soviets would avoid clash and yield to German demands, but at the same time prepare for the worst.

Politically, Germany to show her domination and influence the U.S.A. and a peace with G. B.

Germany must know immediately where she stands. Agreement or War, H. M. Government believes it will be by agreement. (34)
The Soviet Union (NKVD) were well aware of Ukrainian attitude towards them, and had for some time carried on a relentless opposition to the formations of Ukrainian Nationalist militias fermenting within her borders. The Soviets were attempting to minimise this danger by showing a more lenient approach to the Polish minorities in Volhynia and Galicia, or rather, what was left of the Polish minority. At the same time repressive measures against the Ukrainian nationalists was being intensified to a very marked degree.

At first the NKVD's activities had been directed mainly to liquidating the Ukrainian military organisation, which had been founded by Konovaletz, although the so-called middle class Ukrainians had also suffered considerably, whether on class or nationalistic grounds. (35)Further repressment by the NKVD gathered momentum with the elimination of any Ukrainian centres, by force if necessary, of an anti-Soviet nature which might possibly exist.

The Soviets knew that the Ukrainians within her own territories were in contact with their co-racialists across the border in German Poland and were being influenced by the reports of the privileged position which was accorded to the Ukrainians under German rule.

The Germans had made a special effort to foster a national spirit amongst the Ukrainians in Western Galicia, and the traditional subterranean existence, and extensive revolutionary practice, had resulted in communications between Western Galicia and Eastern Galicia being quickly placed on a regular basis. The population of Galicia had a highly developed sense of nationalism and in this area with ideological and propaganda centres close at hand, but out of Soviet reach, the Soviet authorities were confronted with a difficult problem.

The NKVD was prepared to go to even greater lengths than ever, in stamping out this subversive Ukrainian element, but the stronger the measures, the stronger became the opposition and hatred they evoked. (36)

The Soviets however, were no fools, and they were able to control the entire Soviet population with probably the most sophisticated civil intelligence yet devised by any government. In the main, the Western governments, including Germany, were ignorant of the power base from which the Soviet Union controlled all aspects of Soviet life. This was not only the case during the Second World War, but had been shaped from the very first, namely from 1917, and would continue until the fall of Communism in 1989.

Germany was the first Western government to infiltrate the Organisation of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) of the Soviet Union, and the power base behind it. Based on information captured during the 'Barbarossa Campaign', and on trustworthy evidence obtained from Soviet officials who had been captured or arrested, Germany responded.

On the 2nd April, 1942, Heydrich in his capacity of the Chief of the German Security and Intelligence Services (Sipo-SD), distributed this intelligence throughout the occupied areas. In the SS/SD school at Rabka, Dr. Schongarth regularly gave lectures to the students on the Soviet subversion of its own people.(37)

The United States Intelligence Agencies were more secure in their knowledge that Germany would strike at the U.S.S.R. The Americans knew at some stage they would be brought into the European War. They were correct in their assessment, that German-Soviet conflict would occur sometime in the spring of 1941, and the build up of her armaments commenced. (38)

The moment of truth, as history has recorded it, was the 22nd June, 1941, when Germany commenced her conquest of the Soviet Union.

Ukrainian National lists in Western Ukraine viewed the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union as a liberation, and welcomed the creation of a 'free' Ukraine within the fascist 'New Order' in Europe. Were they right? We shall see!




Table of Contents Next Page »





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Footnotes:
1) Return
2) Public Record Office (PRO). WO/208/1724. Return
3) ibid. Corroboration of Hetman Skoropadski's move to Krakow is shown in another independent assessment intelligence report from Finland on the 24th September, 1940 (WO/208/1734 'Operations Intelligence Report No. 805, dated 24.9.40). The informant learnt from the Finnish wife of the United States Consul in Moscow that Hetman Skoropadski was operating in Krakow where he had set up his headquarters. That the Soviets were aware of this development and concluded that this action was not in the spirit of the Soviet-German Pact. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. 1734, MI2b report dated 3.8.1940. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Intelligence report: in the publication, 'Novy Shilish', a Ukrainian Language newspaper representing nationalist policy, published in Canada, where articles reproduced from Ukrainian press in the U.S.A. proved the existence of such a movement, including military groups. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
British Intelligence Report from Berne, dated 3rd July, 1940. (WO/208/1734): quoting a conversation between H.M.R (not identified) and a Polish Minister to Switzerland. The latter told H.M.R of the reported formation of a Polish Government under a certain STUDNCKI, whom the Minister described as an honest old fool. The Polish Minister referred to the formation of the Ukrainian Brigade in Poland. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Return
Mark Goldfinger, (now living in Bournmouth) a young boy at the time living in Rabka at that time remembers the side roads stacked nose to tail with tanks and other armoured vehicles. This was confirmed on my visit to Rabka in November, 1997, with the help of the present secretary (Jan Krakowska) of the Catholic school (the building of the SS/SD school) acting as interpreter, we interviewed a number of elderly witnesses who also remembered the large German military presence in Rabka on the run-up to 22nd June, 1941. Return
British intelligence report dated 4th October, 1940. Return
ibid. The only unknown factor was Turkey who may object to a takeover of Ukraine. Turkey's political aspirations were not known. If Germany had designs on Turkey, the war materials being gathered would have been of little use due to the terrain. All indications were for a strike against the Soviets. Return
ibid. Similar reports were coming in from a number of sources, including the L.E.F (Free French) via their office in Istanbul, also dated 4.10.41. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. Undated report but believed October, 1940. Return
Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy, 1931-41, Washington, 1942, p. 105; Sumner Wells, The Time for Decision, London, Hamish Hamilton, 1944, p. 251. Return
In a statement to the American Press on the 31st December, 1941, M. Litvinov agreed that his government had received warnings but had dismissed them. Return
Doc. Polish-Soviet relations, vol, 1 p104. Return
ibid. Return
ibid. The two factions, one led by Goring (for war), and Schulenburg and Hess (anti-war) were both fighting for Hitler's ear. It was Goring that was to prevail. 'So far' – said General Sikorski – 'Germany has won on the land, lost on the seas, and there is a draw in the air'. Return
PRO. WO/208/1761, dated 23rd May, 1940, copy 36, marked 'Secret'. (My underline). Return
In retrospect, the authors of this report may well have wished the ground would open up and swallow them whole. His Majesty's Government assessment of German intentions against the U.S.S.R. was made just a month before the actual attack. Not three miles away, from the seat of government where a contrary assessment was made, at 12, Nevern Place, London, S.W . a self employed journalist, Marie Brett-Perring, undoubtedly an intelligence agent of some kind, had come to another conclusion. Over a period of months she had been feeding the British Security Services with information concerning German military activities in Eastern Europe, particularly in Poland and the Ukraine. Marie Brett Perring was surprisingly accurate. Return
WO/208/1734 (assessment report). Return
In June 1940, most of the active nationalists elements in Western Ukraine had gone to ground (M.I.6 Political Report dated in June, 1940). Return
PRO. WO/208/1734 – M.I.6 Political Report No. 123, dated 25.6.41. Return
See Appendix 'A'. Return
ibid. The USA – In several reports mention is made of strategic war materials destined for Sweden that were requisitioned by the USA for her own use. 110 pursuit planes and bombers manufactured for the Swedish air force were seized despite protests from the Swedish government. On the 23rd October, 1940, President Roosevelt issued an 'executive order', decreeing priority defence orders placed with private industry. It established the first government general control over private industry. The commission was headed by Donald M. Nelson. Return


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